FSI integration

The syllable is the tone-bearing unit.

Tone docks on exactly one place — the vowel of each syllable. So you cannot represent tone without first decomposing the word into its syllables, and you cannot do that without the language's Full Syllable Inventory. BantuNomics has assembled 459 of them — the first complete collection in history.

Read why FSIs Hear the data

🇿🇲 Bemba 🇸🇿 Swati 🇿🇦 Xhosa Swahili 🇷🇼 Kinyarwanda

Minimal pairs

Same syllables. Different tone. Different meaning.

Each card is one written word that the FSI decomposes into the same syllable sequence for every meaning. The spelling is identical; the tone — carried in the audio, on the syllable nuclei — is what separates the meanings. Play them back to back.

Iintanga 3 meanings

i·i·nta·nga

Age mates

Iintanga

means age mates

Audio pending.

Native pronunciation note: Lee-ntah-ngah

{
 "take_id": "66c6f95e-7087-4848-b9c1-70498df8d427",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "word",
 "bantu": "Iintanga",
 "english_gloss": "Age mates",
 "switch_ms": 5145,
 "duration_ms": 11280,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 5145
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 5145,
   "t1_ms": 11280
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

Grazing Outpost

Iintanga

means grazing outpost

Audio pending.

Native pronunciation note: Lee-ntah-ngah

{
 "take_id": "fb070344-bccc-473e-a258-001767089003",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "word",
 "bantu": "Iintanga",
 "english_gloss": "Grazing Outpost",
 "switch_ms": 5145,
 "duration_ms": 10480,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 5145
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 5145,
   "t1_ms": 10480
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

Pumpkin Seeds

Iintanga

means pumpkin seeds

Audio pending.

Native pronunciation note: Lee-ntah-ngah

{
 "take_id": "c8c0ceeb-d64f-4e95-ba5e-0e813f8f8e2f",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "word",
 "bantu": "Iintanga",
 "english_gloss": "Pumpkin Seeds",
 "switch_ms": 5147,
 "duration_ms": 10760,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 5147
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 5147,
   "t1_ms": 10760
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

Ibala 2 meanings

i·ba·la

A yard

Ibala

means a yard

Audio pending.

Native pronunciation note: EE-bah-lah

{
 "take_id": "dbb6f0b6-b8f1-4705-8020-60f541f92d39",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "word",
 "bantu": "Ibala",
 "english_gloss": "A yard",
 "switch_ms": 5144,
 "duration_ms": 18680,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 5144
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 5144,
   "t1_ms": 18680
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

Colour

Ndiyalithanda ibala lale gusha

means I like the colour of this sheep

Audio pending.

{
 "take_id": "cdfb6d2b-7816-427f-8532-37458daf7ab7",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "sentence",
 "bantu": "Ndiyalithanda ibala lale gusha",
 "english_gloss": "I like the colour of this sheep",
 "switch_ms": 9465,
 "duration_ms": 14590,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 9465
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 9465,
   "t1_ms": 14590
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

Imbiza 2 meanings

i·mbi·za

Herbal tonic

Imbiza

means herbal tonic

Audio pending.

Native pronunciation note: EEM-bee-zah

{
 "take_id": "36241992-2490-42b7-be6d-ad7022352d25",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "word",
 "bantu": "Imbiza",
 "english_gloss": "Herbal tonic",
 "switch_ms": 5146,
 "duration_ms": 10900,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 5146
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 5146,
   "t1_ms": 10900
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

Pot

Imbiza

means pot

Audio pending.

Native pronunciation note: EEM-bee-zah

{
 "take_id": "f791aeb8-9e51-44e3-bb7f-e6468024ba63",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "word",
 "bantu": "Imbiza",
 "english_gloss": "Pot",
 "switch_ms": 5145,
 "duration_ms": 9680,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 5145
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 5145,
   "t1_ms": 9680
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

Intsika 2 meanings

Pillar

Intsika

means pillar

Audio pending.

Native pronunciation note: een-Tsi-kah

{
 "take_id": "c44d692a-2650-44f0-a90c-bd6418baf90e",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "word",
 "bantu": "Intsika",
 "english_gloss": "Pillar",
 "switch_ms": 5145,
 "duration_ms": 9790,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 5145
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 5145,
   "t1_ms": 9790
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

Pillar of strength

Intsika

means pillar of strength

Audio pending.

Native pronunciation note: een-Tsi-kah

{
 "take_id": "08cf81bb-5aaa-4003-8a3b-489b3342cfae",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "word",
 "bantu": "Intsika",
 "english_gloss": "Pillar of strength",
 "switch_ms": 5147,
 "duration_ms": 10080,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 5147
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 5147,
   "t1_ms": 10080
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

Iphondo 2 meanings

i·pho·ndo

Horn

Inkomo inesiphondo eside kakhulu kwicala lasekhohlo

means the cow has a very long horn on the left side

Audio pending.

{
 "take_id": "7ce01f46-c842-460f-84cc-ed82bb0ec75e",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "sentence",
 "bantu": "Inkomo inesiphondo eside kakhulu kwicala lasekhohlo",
 "english_gloss": "The cow has a very long horn on the left side",
 "switch_ms": 13785,
 "duration_ms": 20250,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 13785
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 13785,
   "t1_ms": 20250
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

Province

Iphondo

means province

Audio pending.

Native pronunciation note: EE-poh-ndoh

{
 "take_id": "983bb5a4-20f8-4f67-9af2-fc4cf195bf1d",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "word",
 "bantu": "Iphondo",
 "english_gloss": "Province",
 "switch_ms": 5150,
 "duration_ms": 9730,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 5150
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 5150,
   "t1_ms": 9730
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

Isango 2 meanings

i·sa·ngo

Gate

Nceda uvale isango ukuze izinja zingaphumi ebaleni

means please close the gate so that the dogs do no leave the yard

Audio pending.

{
 "take_id": "11cc2829-9d3d-4e2a-b185-5b6d18e45749",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "sentence",
 "bantu": "Nceda uvale isango ukuze izinja zingaphumi ebaleni",
 "english_gloss": "Please close the gate so that the dogs do no leave the yard",
 "switch_ms": 14264,
 "duration_ms": 20210,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 14264
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 14264,
   "t1_ms": 20210
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

Opportunity

Isango

means opportunity

Audio pending.

Native pronunciation note: EE-SAA-ngoh

{
 "take_id": "064f88d3-614a-4170-9f4f-e86aadbfd817",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "word",
 "bantu": "Isango",
 "english_gloss": "Opportunity",
 "switch_ms": 5146,
 "duration_ms": 10430,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 5146
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 5146,
   "t1_ms": 10430
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

Isibane 2 meanings

i·si·ba·ne

Guidance

Isibane

means guidance

Audio pending.

Native pronunciation note: ee-see-ba-neh

{
 "take_id": "7deb73b8-80e2-4a83-887c-e9e95c52b0e2",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "word",
 "bantu": "Isibane",
 "english_gloss": "Guidance",
 "switch_ms": 5624,
 "duration_ms": 10880,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 5624
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 5624,
   "t1_ms": 10880
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

Lamp or Light

Isibane

means lamp or light

Audio pending.

Native pronunciation note: ee-see-ba-neh

{
 "take_id": "859ddc66-cb33-4a97-8ba7-10a5a5887110",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "word",
 "bantu": "Isibane",
 "english_gloss": "Lamp or Light",
 "switch_ms": 5625,
 "duration_ms": 10260,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 5625
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 5625,
   "t1_ms": 10260
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

Isikhwama 2 meanings

i·si·khwa·ma

A bag

Isikhwama

means a bag

Audio pending.

Native pronunciation note: oo-koo-zar-lah

{
 "take_id": "8c9c5af1-7f6e-4f18-9d79-b60093b180a1",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "word",
 "bantu": "Isikhwama",
 "english_gloss": "A bag",
 "switch_ms": 5626,
 "duration_ms": 9650,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 5626
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 5626,
   "t1_ms": 9650
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

Financial fund or Budget

Isikhwama

means financial fund or budget

Audio pending.

Native pronunciation note: oo-koo-zar-lah

{
 "take_id": "c4d202f7-5034-4b82-9bb8-d7f828f5d9fa",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "word",
 "bantu": "Isikhwama",
 "english_gloss": "Financial fund or Budget",
 "switch_ms": 5624,
 "duration_ms": 12190,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 5624
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 5624,
   "t1_ms": 12190
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

Ithanga 2 meanings

i·tha·nga

Pumpkin

Umama upheke ithanga elimnandi namhla

means my mother cooked a delicious pumpkin today

Audio pending.

{
 "take_id": "29591a16-3f34-40c3-9464-70c38ffd3ddd",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "sentence",
 "bantu": "Umama upheke ithanga elimnandi namhla",
 "english_gloss": "My mother cooked a delicious pumpkin today",
 "switch_ms": 10905,
 "duration_ms": 15510,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 10905
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 10905,
   "t1_ms": 15510
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

Thigh

Ithanga

means thigh

Audio pending.

Native pronunciation note: EE-tah-ngah

{
 "take_id": "58a84292-419d-4120-a82b-00d3bd60e09d",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "word",
 "bantu": "Ithanga",
 "english_gloss": "Thigh",
 "switch_ms": 5150,
 "duration_ms": 9750,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 5150
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 5150,
   "t1_ms": 9750
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

Ityala 2 meanings

i·tya·la

Debt

Ndinetyala ezininzi ekufuneka ndizihlawule

means I have many debts I need to pay

Audio pending.

{
 "take_id": "2e2c2bae-660a-4f32-abe6-00a3b7d64b7c",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "sentence",
 "bantu": "Ndinetyala ezininzi ekufuneka ndizihlawule",
 "english_gloss": "I have many debts I need to pay",
 "switch_ms": 12347,
 "duration_ms": 17900,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 12347
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 12347,
   "t1_ms": 17900
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

Law suit or Case

Ityala

means law suit or case

Audio pending.

Native pronunciation note: EE-chya-lah

{
 "take_id": "5b423ddf-b888-4b45-8e9f-bd7c95280548",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "word",
 "bantu": "Ityala",
 "english_gloss": "Law suit or Case",
 "switch_ms": 5145,
 "duration_ms": 10080,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 5145
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 5145,
   "t1_ms": 10080
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

Ukubeka 2 meanings

u·ku·be·ka

Put down

Ukubeka

means put down

Audio pending.

Native pronunciation note: OO-koo-beh-kah

{
 "take_id": "a4c1dceb-96d6-4aad-96dd-ddd2bf7b823d",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "word",
 "bantu": "Ukubeka",
 "english_gloss": "Put down",
 "switch_ms": 5626,
 "duration_ms": 9850,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 5626
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 5626,
   "t1_ms": 9850
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

Respect

Ukubeka

means respect

Audio pending.

Native pronunciation note: OO-koo-beh-kah

{
 "take_id": "aba967d0-238f-4025-8d10-efd79475fc72",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "word",
 "bantu": "Ukubeka",
 "english_gloss": "Respect",
 "switch_ms": 5624,
 "duration_ms": 9640,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 5624
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 5624,
   "t1_ms": 9640
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

Ukubila 2 meanings

u·ku·bi·la

Sweat

Ukubila

means sweat

Audio pending.

Native pronunciation note: OO-koo-bee-lah

{
 "take_id": "48927d3a-b0b1-4273-bacc-a1615a28d67a",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "word",
 "bantu": "Ukubila",
 "english_gloss": "Sweat",
 "switch_ms": 5625,
 "duration_ms": 10040,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 5625
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 5625,
   "t1_ms": 10040
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

To boil

Ukubila

means to boil

Audio pending.

Native pronunciation note: OO-koo-bee-lah

{
 "take_id": "55236a9f-6528-4067-b6e7-c2eb21cf2cf6",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "word",
 "bantu": "Ukubila",
 "english_gloss": "To boil",
 "switch_ms": 5627,
 "duration_ms": 9630,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 5627
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 5627,
   "t1_ms": 9630
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

Ukuchola 2 meanings

u·ku·cho·la

Pick up

Ukuchola

means pick up

Audio pending.

Native pronunciation note: OO-KOO-{click}-hoh-lah

{
 "take_id": "d8b048db-0300-42e1-ad75-009de3f3390e",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "word",
 "bantu": "Ukuchola",
 "english_gloss": "Pick up",
 "switch_ms": 5625,
 "duration_ms": 9660,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 5625
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 5625,
   "t1_ms": 9660
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

Tidy up

Ukuchola

means tidy up

Audio pending.

Native pronunciation note: OO-KOO-{click}-hoh-lah

{
 "take_id": "ae3337ca-e267-4b40-b9da-10d5200f86b4",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "word",
 "bantu": "Ukuchola",
 "english_gloss": "Tidy up",
 "switch_ms": 5628,
 "duration_ms": 9510,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 5628
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 5628,
   "t1_ms": 9510
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

Ukukhama 2 meanings

u·ku·kha·ma

Strangle

Ukukhama

means strangle

Audio pending.

Native pronunciation note: OO-KOO-KAR-MAH

{
 "take_id": "384676c5-cac4-4d5f-a902-ff9f06de1602",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "word",
 "bantu": "Ukukhama",
 "english_gloss": "Strangle",
 "switch_ms": 5625,
 "duration_ms": 11330,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 5625
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 5625,
   "t1_ms": 11330
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

To squeeze or wring out

Ukukhama

means to squeeze or wring out

Audio pending.

Native pronunciation note: OO-KOO-KAR-MAH

{
 "take_id": "b7a00b66-b1cf-4e4c-93e6-369ad7cd4f12",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "word",
 "bantu": "Ukukhama",
 "english_gloss": "To squeeze or wring out",
 "switch_ms": 5625,
 "duration_ms": 11560,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 5625
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 5625,
   "t1_ms": 11560
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

Ukukhula 2 meanings

u·ku·khu·la

To grow up or Mature

Ukukhula

means to grow up or mature

Audio pending.

Native pronunciation note: OO-KOO-COO-LAH

{
 "take_id": "4a98f21f-f7ac-4f3a-94e8-92c86090bc92",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "word",
 "bantu": "Ukukhula",
 "english_gloss": "To grow up or Mature",
 "switch_ms": 5632,
 "duration_ms": 11280,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 5632
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 5632,
   "t1_ms": 11280
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

To increase

Ukukhula

means to increase

Audio pending.

Native pronunciation note: OO-KOO-COO-LAH

{
 "take_id": "5da13f64-5ef5-426a-ae54-4a1567d435f6",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "word",
 "bantu": "Ukukhula",
 "english_gloss": "To increase",
 "switch_ms": 5627,
 "duration_ms": 10170,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 5627
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 5627,
   "t1_ms": 10170
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

Ukuthula 2 meanings

u·ku·thu·la

To be quite

Ukuthula

means to be quite

Audio pending.

Native pronunciation note: OO-KOO-too-lah

{
 "take_id": "be853b5c-04ce-4e2d-84c5-c67542177980",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "word",
 "bantu": "Ukuthula",
 "english_gloss": "To be quite",
 "switch_ms": 5625,
 "duration_ms": 9550,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 5625
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 5625,
   "t1_ms": 9550
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

Unload

Ukuthula

means unload

Audio pending.

Native pronunciation note: OO-KOO-too-lah

{
 "take_id": "7a36e3f5-98a2-4f48-99fe-47d59ff70b9c",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "word",
 "bantu": "Ukuthula",
 "english_gloss": "Unload",
 "switch_ms": 5626,
 "duration_ms": 9430,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 5626
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 5626,
   "t1_ms": 9430
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

Ukuxola 2 meanings

u·ku·xo·la

Blunt

Ukuxola

means blunt

Audio pending.

Native pronunciation note: OO-KOO-{click}-oh-lah

{
 "take_id": "35fb1710-2d25-49a2-8ad0-421b5421105c",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "word",
 "bantu": "Ukuxola",
 "english_gloss": "Blunt",
 "switch_ms": 5625,
 "duration_ms": 9460,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 5625
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 5625,
   "t1_ms": 9460
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

Forgive

Ukuxola

means forgive

Audio pending.

Native pronunciation note: OO-KOO-{click}-oh-lah

{
 "take_id": "0c34a86f-ac9e-4e32-ae84-13aa9cc9af12",
 "language_iso": "xho",
 "kind": "word",
 "bantu": "Ukuxola",
 "english_gloss": "Forgive",
 "switch_ms": 5625,
 "duration_ms": 9450,
 "segments": [
  {
   "lang": "xho",
   "t0_ms": 0,
   "t1_ms": 5625
  },
  {
   "lang": "en",
   "t0_ms": 5625,
   "t1_ms": 9450
  }
 ],
 "speaker": "Speaker XHO-A01",
 "consent": "granted"
}

Why a model can't fake this

Generation is cheap. Certification against native ground truth is not.

A model can output a plausible syllable list; it cannot prove the list is complete, correct, or native, and it cannot produce the consented audio that carries the tone. The FSI plus this audio is the certified standard underneath alignment, ASR, and TTS.